East Surrey Hospital
Canada Drive
Redhill
Surrey RH1 5RH

Shahid Khan
 Consultant Urological Surgeon

Secretary : Gee Huggett
Epsomurology@gmail.com
Telephone: 07865 217774

Kidney Stone Treatment Surrey | Mr Shahid Khan FRCS (Urol) | Epsom Urolog
Surgeon performing flexible ureterorenoscopy for kidney stone treatment — Mr Shahid Khan, Epsom Urology Surrey
◆ Subspecialist kidney stone service — Surrey

Kidney Stone Treatment in Surrey

Mr Shahid Khan FRCS (Urol), FEBU — Consultant Urologist and Clinical Lead for Renal Stones at East Surrey Hospital. Expert in mini-PCNL, ESWL, flexible ureterorenoscopy and metabolic stone prevention.

✆ Call 07865 217774 ✉ Email secretary

Symptoms of kidney stones

Kidney stones may cause no symptoms until they begin to move or obstruct the ureter. The most common presentation is sudden-onset severe loin pain — often described as one of the most intense pains experienced.

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Urgent: Severe pain with fever, rigors, or chills may indicate an infected obstructed kidney. This is a urological emergency — attend A&E immediately or call 999. Do not wait for a clinic appointment.
Kidney stone symptoms infographic — severe flank pain, haematuria, nausea
Severe flank or loin pain
Sudden onset, may radiate to the groin — classic ureteric colic
Blood in the urine (haematuria)
Pink, red, or brown discolouration of urine
Nausea and vomiting
Commonly accompanies severe renal colic
Frequent or painful urination
Particularly with lower ureteric or bladder stones
Fever with stone obstruction
Indicates infected obstructed kidney — a urological emergency

Types of kidney stones

Stone composition determines treatment selection, recurrence risk, and the most effective preventive strategy. Identification requires stone analysis (if the stone is retrieved or passed) or metabolic blood and urine testing.

Calcium oxalate

~75% of cases
Most prevalent type. Associated with low fluid intake, hypercalciuria, hyperoxaluria, and low urinary citrate. Radio-opaque on plain X-ray.

Calcium phosphate

~10–15%
Associated with renal tubular acidosis or primary hyperparathyroidism. Also radio-opaque. Alkaline urine favours formation.

Uric acid

~10%
Radio-lucent — invisible on plain X-ray; detected by CT or ultrasound. Associated with gout, metabolic syndrome, and acidic urine. Responsive to urinary alkalinisation.

Struvite (infection)

~5%
Form in the presence of urea-splitting organisms (e.g. Proteus mirabilis). Grow rapidly; may form staghorn calculi. Require complete stone clearance and antibiotic therapy.

Cystine

<1%
Autosomal recessive cystinuria. Recurrent from childhood. Resistant to laser fragmentation. Requires high fluid intake and urinary alkalinisation.
Types of renal stones by composition — calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, uric acid, struvite, cystine

How kidney stones are diagnosed

Accurate diagnosis defines stone size, position, and composition — the three factors that determine the most appropriate treatment. Mr Khan arranges a targeted investigation protocol rather than a generic battery of tests.

Investigations for renal stones — CT KUB, ultrasound, urine tests, blood tests

Investigations arranged by Mr Khan

  • Non-contrast CT KUB — gold standard; detects all stone types, measures size and density (Hounsfield units)
  • Ultrasound KUB — first-line, no radiation; identifies hydronephrosis and stones ≥5 mm
  • Routine urinalysis — haematuria, pH, crystals, infection
  • Urine culture and sensitivity — mandatory if infection is suspected
  • 24-hour urine collection — metabolic stone risk profiling (calcium, oxalate, citrate, uric acid)
  • Serum calcium, phosphate, uric acid, PTH — screens for hyperparathyroidism and metabolic causes
  • Renal function tests — eGFR, creatinine, electrolytes
  • Stone analysis — if stone retrieved or passed spontaneously

Treatments offered by Mr Shahid Khan

The appropriate treatment depends on stone size, position, composition, and patient factors. Mr Khan offers the full range of minimally invasive stone treatments, selecting the optimal approach for each patient individually.

Surgeon performing flexible ureterorenoscopy (FURS) with holmium laser for kidney stone treatment
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Flexible Ureterorenoscopy with Laser (FURS)

A flexible endoscope is passed via the natural urinary tract directly into the kidney. Holmium laser energy fragments the stone into fine dust which passes naturally. Suitable for most kidney and ureteric stones up to 2 cm. Day-case procedure under general anaesthetic with rapid recovery.

Day case · Endoscopic
Surgeon performing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mini-PCNL) for large kidney stone removal
2

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (Mini-PCNL)

A small incision in the back allows a nephroscope to directly access and remove large or complex stones from the kidney. Mr Khan performs mini and ultra-mini PCNL, which minimises blood loss and shortens recovery compared to standard PCNL. Recommended for stones over 2 cm and staghorn calculi.

For large stones · Minimally invasive
3

Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL)

A non-invasive outpatient procedure in which focused shock waves are directed at the stone through the skin. No incision or anaesthetic is required. Best suited to radio-opaque stones ≤1.5 cm in the kidney or upper ureter without obstruction. Stone density on CT (Hounsfield units) guides patient selection. May require more than one session. ESWL is offered at East Surrey Hospital (Surrey & Sussex NHS Trust) — private referrals are welcome.

Non-invasive · NHS & private
●⋅⋅⋅
Shock wave fragmentation
No incision required

Preventing kidney stone recurrence

Up to 50% of patients who form a kidney stone will develop another within ten years without preventive measures. Identifying the underlying metabolic cause in each patient is essential — a targeted dietary or pharmacological intervention directed by stone type is far more effective than generic advice.

Dietary and lifestyle advice to help prevent kidney stone recurrence — fluid intake, salt reduction, calcium, oxalate, citrate

Fluid intake

Target urine output >2 litres per day. Water is preferred; avoid sugar-sweetened drinks. The single most effective intervention across all stone types.

Dietary salt restriction

High sodium intake raises urinary calcium excretion. A low-salt diet reduces calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate recurrence.

Dietary calcium

Normal dietary calcium intake (not restriction) is recommended. Low calcium diets paradoxically increase urinary oxalate absorption and stone risk.

Medical therapy

Thiazide diuretics (hypercalciuria), allopurinol (uric acid stones), potassium citrate (alkalinisation), or antibiotics (struvite) — directed by 24-hour urine and stone analysis results.
GIRFT & NHS Model Hospital — verified data

Surgical outcomes, independently benchmarked

GIRFT (Getting It Right First Time) is the NHS England programme that audits surgical outcomes against nationally agreed quality standards. NHS Model Hospital provides the comparative data platform. The figures below are drawn from Mr Khan's verified NHS practice at East Surrey Hospital and set against GIRFT/Model Hospital national benchmarks.

Ureteroscopy and laser lithotripsy

January 2022 – December 2025  ·  Including complex frailty and renal stone cohorts

Same-day discharge (zero-day LOS)

64.5%

vs 58.3% national

11% above national rate

Repeat ureteroscopy within 6 months

3.75%

vs 6.4% national

41% lower than national

Severe frailty cohort (HFRS)

15.3%

vs 6.6% national

Higher complexity case mix

Renal stone ureteroscopy proportion

32.8%

vs 26.0% national

Higher renal complexity
Ureteroscopy outcomes vs national benchmark (same data as the chart above, shown here as a table when the chart cannot load)
MetricMr Shahid KhanNational benchmark
Same-day discharge64.5%58.3%
Repeat URS within 6 months3.75%6.4%
Severe frailty cohort (HFRS)15.3%6.6%
Renal stone URS proportion32.8%26.0%

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL)

160 cases  ·  January 2023 – December 2025  ·  National average case volume: 98

Case volume

160

vs 98 national average

63% above national average

Length of stay ≥2 days

8.7%

vs 31.6% national

72% lower than national

30-day emergency readmission

8.1%

vs 8.4% national

At or below national rate

Re-PCNL within 2 years

5.5%

vs 6.6% national

17% lower than national
PCNL outcomes vs national benchmark (same data as the chart above, shown here as a table when the chart cannot load)
MetricMr Shahid KhanNational benchmark
Length of stay ≥2 days8.7%31.6%
30-day emergency readmission8.1%8.4%
Re-PCNL within 2 years5.5%6.6%

PCNL data covers January 2023 – December 2025; ureteroscopy data January 2022 – December 2025. Lower values are favourable for length of stay, readmission, and re-intervention metrics; higher values are favourable for same-day discharge. The elevated frailty (Hospital Frailty Risk Score) and renal stone proportions reflect case-mix complexity and should be interpreted accordingly, not as adverse outcome indicators. All data relates to NHS practice at East Surrey Hospital, Surrey and Sussex NHS Trust. Sources: GIRFT · NHS Model Hospital.

Book a private kidney stone consultation

Mr Khan's secretary Gee Huggett — Spire Gatwick Park, Horley (Tuesdays) & Spire St Anthony's, Sutton (Fridays). Appointments often available within days.

Call 07865 217774 Email secretary
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